Date: Thu, 13 Jul 1995 20:58:30 +0800 (WST) From: Binh Anson --------------------------------------------------------------------- No^~i lo`ng Di.ch Si~ Bi`nh Anson ~~~~~~~~~~~ Khi to^i co`n ho.c o+? tru+o+`ng trung ho.c Petrus Tru+o+ng Vi~nh Ky', vi. tha^`y Pha'p va(n kha? ki'nh thu+o+`ng khuye^n: "Di.ch la` pha?n. Khi di.ch thi` kho^ng pha?i chi? di.ch chu+~, ma` pha?i di.ch y', di.ch nghi~a\. Ngu+o+`i bie^'t di.ch la` ngu+o+`i co' dda^`u o'c sa'ng ta.o ...". Lo+`i khuye^n a^'y va^~n cu+' lo+?n vo+?n trong dda^`u o'c cu?a to^i cho dde^'n ba^y gio+`\. Nha^'t la` mo^~i khi pha?i la`m di.ch thua^.t, ma` mi`nh la.i kho^ng co' ho.c qua mo^.t kho'a chuye^n mo^n na`o ca?\. Vo^'n lie^'ng Anh va(n cu?a to^i la` nhu+~ng go'p nha(.t theo na(m tha'ng. Nga`y xu+a khi co`n o+? VN co' theo ho.c va`i kho'a cu?a Ho^.i Vie^.t My~ - cha('c ca'c anh chi. lo+'n tuo^?i va^~n co`n nho+' bo^. "English for Today" ? Nhu+ng cu~ng bo? cuo^.c, vi` ta'nh ham cho+i, de^~ na?n chi' ... DDe^'n khi sang Tha'i Lan la`m Cao ho.c, ddu+o+.c ho. cho ho.c mo^.t kho'a ca^'p to^'c ba tha'ng (ngu+o+`i Anh co' mo^.t tu+` ra^'t hay, go.i la` "crash course"), sa'ng ho.c tie^'ng Anh, tru+a ddi ho.c chuye^n mo^n, nghe tha^`y gia?ng ba`i ba(`ng tie^'ng Anh, nghe chu+~ ddu+o+.c, chu+~ kho^ng, chie^`u ve^` nha` ga.o ba`i, to^'i la.i ti`m ddu+o+`ng ddi cho+i\. Tie^'ng Anh ho.c ddu+o+.c, chi? ddu? du`ng trong li~nh vu+.c chuye^n nga`nh, co`n ca'c tu+` ngu+~ tho^ng du.ng kha'c thi` la.i ke'm, cu~ng vi` ca'i ta^.t ham vui\. DDi cho+i vo+'i ba.n be` Tha'i Lan thi` tha^'y mi`nh ca^`n ho.c the^m tie^'ng Tha'i dde^? ta'n do'c ngoa`i pho^', ho+n la` tie^'ng Anh! Tho+`i cuo^.c ddu+a dda^?y to^i sang U'c, lu'c ddo' mo+'i ca?m tha^'y mi`nh ca^`n pha?i trau do^`i the^m Anh ngu+~\. Nhu+ng ba^'y gio+` la.i pha?i chuye^n ta^m la`m lua^.n a'n Tie^'n si~, ne^n kho^ng co' co+ ho^.i va` thi` gio+` dde^? tham gia ca'c kho'a ho.c chi'nh thu+'c ve^` ngo^n ngu+~ cu?a dda^'t nu+o+'c na^`y\. Vi` va^.y to^i thu+o+`ng no'i ddu`a vo+'i ba.n be` ra(`ng to^i chi? la` mo^.t Di.ch Si~, nghi~a la` mo^.t ngu+o+`i di.ch thua^.t kho^ng chuye^n mo^n nhu+ng vo+'i tinh tha^`n sa'ng ta.o cu?a mo^.t nghe^. si~ ! Ngu+o+`i ta co' ba(`ng ca^'p chuye^n mo^n ne^n ddu+o+.c go.i la` Di.ch Gia (chuye^n gia phie^n di.ch), Di.ch Vie^n (tho^ng di.ch vie^n), co`n mi`nh tu+. xu+ng la` Di.ch Si~, dde^? tu+. an u?i\. Nhu+ng du` la` di.ch ... gi` ddi nu+~a, ne^'u kho^ng khe'o thi` kho^ng chu+`ng cu~ng bi. ma('ng cho la` "ma^'y te^n di.ch va^.t ..!". To^i co`n nho+' va`o khoa?ng cuo^'i na(m 1977 co' mo^.t nho'm anh em ti. na.n sang ta.m tru' o+? Trung ta^m Graylands, va` ban qua?n ly' co' nho+` to^i dde^'n giu'p tho^ng di.ch y te^'\. To^i gio+'i thie^.u ma^'y ba` y ta' vo+'i ca'c anh em: "DDa^y la` ca'c Di` Phu+o+'c ... dde^'n giu'p ddo+~ mi`nh." Mo.i ngu+o+`i tro^' ma('t nhi`n to^i ma` to^i kho^ng hie^?u ta.i sao\. Bo+?i vi` lu'c ddo', chu+~ "Sister" ddo^'i vo+'i to^i la` ddo^`ng nghi~a vo+'i chu+~ "Soeur" cu?a Pha'p, ma` tu+` nho? to^i dda~ bie^'t ra(`ng Ba` So+ la` Di` Phu+o+'c Co^ng Gia'o\. Sau ddo' mo+'i vo+~ le~ ra chu+~ "Sister" o+? dda^y cu~ng du`ng dde^? go.i ca'c ba` y ta' ! Ve^` sau na^`y vi` ha^m mo^. dda.o Pha^.t ne^n to^i co' tham gia va`o mo^.t va`i hoa.t ddo^.ng cu?a ca'c vi. Pha^.t tu+? o+? dda^y\. Di.ch thua^.t chuye^.n tho^ng thu+o+`ng dda~ kho', di.ch thua^.t trong Pha^.t Gia'o la.i kho' ga^'p bo^.i\. Va(n chu+o+ng, kinh ddie^?n Pha^.t Gia'o du`ng ra^'t nhie^`u chu+~ Ha'n va` chu+~ Pha.n. Nhu+ng nho+` ddo', to^i bie^'t the^m ddu+o+.c nhie^`u chu+~ nghi~a ho+n. Cha(?ng ha.n chu+~ "Pha^.t" tha^.t ra la` chu+~ go.i ta('t cu?a "Pha^.t DDa`", phie^n a^m tu+` chu+~ Bud\dha, ma` ngu+o+`i bi`nh da^n VN co' no+i go.i la` "o^ng Bu.t" ("hie^`n nhu+ bu.t ..."). Ngu+o+`i Hoa, va` trong va(n co^? VN, co' mo^.t tu+` chi'nh xa'c ho+n, ddo' la` "Gia'c Gia?", ngu+o+`i dda~ gia'c ngo^. (The Enlightened). Cu~ng nhu+ nho'm chu+~ "ha(`ng ha` sa so^'" - dde^? chi? mo^.t so^' lu+o+.ng ra^'t nhie^`u, kho^ng dde^'m no^?i - co' nghi~a nguye^n thu?y la` nhie^`u nhu+ so^' ha.t ca't cu?a so^ng Ha(`ng (Gange River) be^n A^'n ddo^.\. Co' mo^.t tu+` ra^'t tho^ng du.ng trong dda.o Pha^.t nhu+ng la.i ra^'t kho' di.ch la` chu+~ "Ta^m". Tie^'ng Pha.n la` "Citta", ngu+o+`i Tha'i cu~ng kho^ng di.ch ma` ddo.c tra.i ra la` "Chi.t" - ma(.c du` ddo^i khi ho. cu~ng co' du`ng tu+` "Hu?a Chai", nghi~a la` tra'i tim. "Ta^m" la` tra'i tim, cu~ng la` ca'c ca?m xu'c (tu+` ta^m, ddo^.ng ta^m), su+. suy nghi~, tu+ duy, y' thu+'c (ta^m thu+'c, ta^m ho^`n, ta^m ti'nh, ta^m linh). Mo^.t so^' sa'ch ba'o Pha^.t Gia'o Anh ngu+~ dda~ kho^ng di.ch ma` chi? du`ng chu+~ "Citta" nguye^n thu?y\. Tho^ng thu+o+`ng, ho. di.ch la` "Heart and Mind", tuy ddu'ng nhu+ng kho^ng go.n. Sau na^`y khi tie^'p xu'c vo+'i ca'c em VN mo+'i sang ddoa`n tu. gia ddi`nh, to^i la.i bie^'t the^m nhie^`u tu+` mo+'i, ddang tho^ng du.ng trong nu+o+'c. Cha(?ng ha.n nhu+ "he^'t y'" va` "nhie^.t ti`nh". Thoa.t dda^`u nghe co' ve? la. tai, nghi~ ra(`ng ddo' la` nhu+~ng chu+~ du`ng dde^? che^ bai\. Nga`y xu+a mi`nh thu+o+`ng no'i: "Tha(`ng ddo' he^'t xa`i, he^'t y' kie^'n!" co' nghi~a la` che^, ngo+` dda^u "he^'t y'" ba^y gio+` la.i la` khen ngo+.i, cho ra(`ng "kho^ng co`n ddu? y' dde^? ca tu.ng", tie^'ng Anh co' the^? ta.m di.ch la` "beyond description" - mo^.t quye^?n tu+. ddie^?n xua^'t ba?n o+? Ha` No^.i di.ch la` "super- excellent" ! Co' le~ chu+~ tu+o+ng ddu+o+ng ngu+o+`i Nam thu+o+`ng du`ng la` "he^'t xa^?y". Co`n "nhie^.t ti`nh" la`m to^i lo nga.i ho+n ca?, vi` kho^ng hie^?u no' co' lie^n quan gi` dde^'n "ti'nh ti`nh cuo^`ng nhie^.t" hay kho^ng? Ve^` sau mo+'i bie^'t "nhie^.t ti`nh" la` "ta^.n ti`nh, ta^.n ta^m" (sympathetic, enthusiastic, very helpful). Khi to^i cu`ng vo+'i mo^.t ddoa`n chuye^n gia U'c ddi co^ng ta'c o+? VN, ca'c ba.n U'c ra^'t thi'ch a(n tra'i sa-bo^-che^ - ngu+o+`i Ba('c go.i la` tra'i ho^`ng xie^m. Ho. ho?i to^i tra'i na^`y tie^'ng Anh go.i la` gi`. Lu'c ddo' to^i bi', be`n du`ng tinh tha^`n "di.ch si~" ma` tra? lo+`i: "Ngu+o+`i Vie^.t chu'ng to^i go.i la` sa-bo^-che^, phie^n a^m tu+` tie^'ng Pha'p. Rie^ng to^i co' ta^.t no'i ngo.ng, ne^n go.i la` sao-co^-che^, co' nghi~a la` why-do-you-refuse". Ca? ddoa`n cu+o+`i nga^'t va` tu+` ddo', tra'i "whydoyourefuse" tro+? tha`nh mo'n a(n tra'ng mie^.ng ha(`ng nga`y cu?a chu'ng to^i\. Khi tro+? ve^` Perth, tra tu+. ddie^?n mo+'i bie^'t ddo' la` "sapodilla". Lu'c a^'y cu~ng la` mu`a vu' su+~a (star apple) va` ho. cu~ng thi'ch a(n tra'i na^`y la('m. To^i no^?i ma'u di.ch si~ ma` di.ch dda.i ra cho ho.\. Nhu+ng kho^ng da'm vie^'t ra o+? dda^y vi` so+. ma^'y ba`, ma^'y co^ la.i ma('ng cho la` ddo^` di.ch va^.t. O+? trong xa~ ho^.i na`o cu~ng va^.y, ddo^i khi cu~ng co' nhu+~ng tu+` ngu+~ "tho+`i thu+o+.ng" ma` mo.i ngu+o+`i thi'ch du`ng trong mo^.t giai ddoa.n na`o ddo'. Ga^`n dda^y ngu+o+`i U'c thi'ch du`ng tu+` "agenda". DDa^`u tie^n no' co' nghi~a la` nghi. tri`nh, chu+o+ng tri`nh dda(.t ra cho ca'c buo^?i ho.p. Ba^y gio+` ai ai cu~ng du`ng no' cho nhie^`u tru+o+`ng ho+.p theo nghi~a: y' ddo^`, y' ddi.nh, tha^m y', ha`m y', du.ng y', v.v... O+? VN co' tu+` "xu+? ly'". Nga`y xu+a o+? mie^`n Nam chi? co' chu+~ "xu+? ly' thu+o+`ng vu." (acting position). Nhu+ng nga`y nay, "xu+? ly'" ddu+o+.c du`ng trong nhie^`u tru+o+`ng ho+.p: xu+? tri', ddo^'i pho', gia?i quye^'t, dde^` nghi., suy nghi~, pha^n gia?i, bie^'n che^', v.v... Tu`y tru+o+`ng ho+.p ma` mi`nh pha?i di.ch kha'c nhau (to deal with, to face, to solve, to think, to analyse, to treat, to process, ...). Tuy nhie^n trong thua^.t ngu+~ khoa ho.c, tu+` "xu+? ly'" thu+o+`ng chi? ddu+o+.c du`ng trong nghi~a tu+o+ng ddu+o+ng vo+'i "to process, to treat" (microprocessor: bo^. vi xu+? ly', wastewater treatment: xu+? ly' nu+o+'c tha?i). Ga^`n dda^y co' ba.n ddo.c cho ra(`ng to^i dda~ du`ng nhie^`u tu+` co' pha ma`u sa('c chi'nh tri. trong ca'c ba`i vie^'t ve^` khoa ho.c va` kie^'n thu+'c pho^? tho^ng, cha(?ng ha.n nhu+ "xu+? ly', pha^`n me^`m, pha^`n cu+'ng, ...". Theo to^i, tu+` ngu+~ nguye^n thu?y cu?a no' chi? la` mo^.t phu+o+ng tie^.n truye^`n tho^ng, vi` bi. la.m du.ng ma` ke'o theo nhu+~ng ha`m y' kho^ng co`n chi'nh xa'c nu+~a\. Trong li~nh vu+.c khoa ho.c chuye^n mo^n thi` la.i kha'c, ca'c thua^.t ngu+~ ddu+o+.c du`ng dde^? chi? mo^.t quan nie^.m, mo^.t ddo^'i tu+o+.ng na`o ddo' dda~ ddu+o+.c xa'c ddi.nh ro~ ra`ng va` ddu+o+.c co^ng nha^.n bo+?i nhu+~ng ngu+o+`i trong cu`ng li~nh vu+.c ddo'\. DDe^? cho chi'nh xa'c, mo^.t thua^.t ngu+~ pha?i ddu+o+.c hie^?u trong ddi.nh nghi~a dda(.c thu` chuye^n mo^n cu?a no' ma` kho^ng chu+'a mo^.t ha`m y' na`o kha'c. Khi to^i mo+'i ba('t dda^`u ti`m hie^?u ve^` ca'c hoa.t ddo^.ng khoa ho.c ky~ thua^.t o+? VN, to^i ra^'t bo+~ ngo+~ khi nghe ca'c tu+` chuye^n mo^n tre^n. The^' nhu+ng, khi tie^'p xu'c va` nghe ca'c em ho.c sinh, ca'c chuye^n gia, gia'o su+ dda.i ho.c trong Nam ngoa`i Ba('c dde^`u du`ng nhu+~ng tu+` na^`y thi` mi`nh kho^ng co`n tha^'y la. tai nu+~a\. Bo+?i vi` dda^y la` nhu+~ng tu+` chuye^n mo^n, dda(.t ra dde^? chi? ddi.nh mo^.t ddo^'i tu+o+.ng chuye^n mo^n, va` ddu+o+.c nhie^`u ngu+o+`i trong cu`ng mo^.t li~nh vu+.c chuye^n mo^n ddo' tho^ng hie^?u va` su+? du.ng, mi`nh kho^ng ne^n a'p dda(.t the^m mo^.t tu+` kha'c. Nga`y xu+a cu. Hoa`ng Xua^n Ha~n co' dde^` nghi. mo^.t so^' danh tu+` khoa ho.c, nhu+ng qua mo^.t tho+`i gian a'p du.ng, co' tu+` va^~n ddu+o+.c du`ng, nhu+ng cu~ng co' tu+` dda~ ddu+o+.c thay the^' ba(`ng nhu+~ng tu+` pho^? tho^ng ddu+o+.c nhie^`u ngu+o+`i su+? du.ng ho+n. Ne^'u cho ra(`ng "pha^`n me^`m, pha^`n cu+'ng" la` nhu+~ng tu+` co' ma`u sa('c chi'nh tri., ta.i sao chu'ng ta la.i du`ng tu+` "ddi~a me^`m" (floppy disk) va` "ddi~a cu+'ng" (hard disk), cu~ng ra^'t pho^? tho^ng o+? VN ? Ca'ch dda^y ho+n 10 na(m khi vi. chuye^n gia ddie^.n toa'n na`o ddo' sa'ng ta.o ra chu+~ "software" va` "hardware", co' le~ vi. a^'y cu~ng chi? nghi~ dde^'n ca'c kha'i nie^.m ve^` "cu+'ng" va` "me^`m". Co`n no'i ra(`ng nhu+~ng chu+~ Vie^.t na^`y co' ve? tho^ tu.c, trong tie^'ng Anh cu~ng co' nhie^`u chu+~ tho^ tu.c ddi ke`m vo+'i "soft" va` "hard" ! DDe^'n dda^y to^i xin ta.m ke^'t thu'c ba`i phie^'m lua^.n na^`y ba(`ng mo^.t ca^u chuye^.n ve^` chu+~ "ddo^`". Trong mo^.t cuo^.c tu+?u dda`m - va^ng, ba^y gio+` chi? co' uo^'ng ru+o+.u no'i chuye^.n, chu+' kho^ng co`n ma.n dda`m, tra` dda`m nu+~a - mo^.t anh ba.n co' ddo^' to^i ve^` chu+~ "ddo^`". To^i tra? lo+`i "ddo^`" la` su+. va^.t (ddo^` du`ng, ddo^` va^.t), la` ve~ (ho.a ddo^`, ba?n ddo^`), la` sao che'p (ddo^` ddi ddo^` la.i), la` vie^'t (tha^`y ddo^`). Tuy nhie^n, anh a^'y cho bie^'t co`n mo^.t chu+~ "ddo^`" nu+~a trong ca'c ba`i tho+ cu?a Nguye^~n Khuye^'n, Ho^` Xua^n Hu+o+ng ..., va` trong ba`i tho+ da^n gian sau dda^y, no'i ve^` ba~i bie^?n du li.ch DDo^` So+n o+? ngoa`i Ba('c: " Kho^ng ddi, kho^ng bie^'t DDo^` So+n DDi ro^`i mo+'i bie^'t kho^ng ho+n ddo^` nha`\. DDo^` nha` tuy cu~, tuy gia`, Nhu+ng la` ddo^` tha^.t, kho^ng la` ddo^` so+n ! " Tho^i thi` to^i xin nhu+o+`ng ca'c ba.n Di.ch Si~ thu+? ra tay di.ch ba`i tho+ na^`y\. Tuy nhie^n pha?i cho khe'o, ne^'u kho^ng se~ la.i bi. ma^'y ba`, ma^'y co^ ma('ng cho la` "Ma^'y tha(`ng ma('c di.ch ...!". ======================== Bi`nh Anson, Perth, Western Australia August 1994 ======================== oOo